Pana Pramulia, Via Yustitia, Dian Kusmaharti, Arif Mahya Fanny, Ika Aulia Oktavia
Numeracy and literacy are essential skills that elementary school students must possess in the 21st century. However, PISA results show that the numeracy and literacy levels of Indonesian students are still low. Various efforts have been made to improve these skills, one of which is through the innovative Ethnomathematics Comics of Al-Akbar Mosque. The researchers came up with the idea of developing comics integrated with technology: Ethnomathematics Comics of Al-Akbar Mosque based on Augmented Reality (AR). AR is an application that presents objects in a more realistic way with three-dimensional visuals, which can increase students' reading interest. This research aims to explore and document the mathematical concepts present in the architecture of Masjid Al Akbar Surabaya and to develop an augmented reality (AR) comic as a tool to increase students' literacy and numeracy. The study begins with a qualitative ethnographic approach to identify the mathematical elements in the mosque’s design. It then continues with a development research method using the Borg and Gall approach to design, develop, and evaluate the feasibility and practicality of the AR comic. The results of the exploration indicate that Masjid Al Akbar Surabaya contains mathematical concepts such as symmetry, proportion, and geometry that can be integrated into learning. The development process of the AR comic involves designing visual and interactive materials that link these concepts with the mosque's architectural elements. The assessment of the AR comic's feasibility shows that the tool meets high standards of quality and relevance for use in an educational context. The practicality of the AR comic, tested in several elementary schools in East Java, demonstrates that this medium is effective in engaging students and enhancing their understanding of mathematical concepts through interactive and contextual learning experiences. Overall, the research concludes that the developed augmented reality comic can be a significant innovation in mathematics education, utilizing the local cultural context as a means to improve students' mathematical literacy and numeracy skills. The AR-based Ethnomathematics Comics of Al-Akbar Mosque Surabaya can serve as an alternative learning medium to enhance students' numeracy and literacy skills. © 2025 Malque Publishing. All rights reserved.
Department of Indonesian Language Education, Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Elementary School Teacher Education, Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya, Indonesia
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