Ira Purbosari, Bambang Zubakti Zulkarnain, Muh Aminuddin, Umi Fatmawati
Heart disease is a clinical condition characterized by specific signs such as joint inflammation, weakness, and shortness of breath. Left ventricular remodeling can be experienced by patients with heart failure wherein a change in myocyte and nonmyocyte components occurs. One of the biomarkers in heart disease with myocardial fibrosis is matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Common therapy that is often given to patients with heart failure is ACE inhibitors. This main objective of this research is to investigate the effect of ACE inhibitor therapy on the degrees of MMP-9 as a biomarker among patients with heart disease. This research applied one group pretest-posttest design to analyze the variation in the levels of MMP-9 as a biomarker for heart function. Twenty-three subjects with acute heart disease met that inclusion also exclusion criteria, who were selected using nonrandom sampling. Statistical analysis was conducted to specify the levels of MMP-9 before, after the administration of therapy. The most widely used ACE inhibitor drug was ramipril for 15 patients (65%), and the least used ACE Inhibitor drug was captopril for two patients (9%). Meanwhile, the mean MMP-9 levels before therapy was (1,915.26 pg/mL ± 260.84), and the mean MMP-9 levels after therapy was (1,916.93 pg/mL ± 383.12). The statistical analysis result revealed no significant difference in the degrees of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 accumulation (p=0.378). There was no significant reduction in the levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 after pretest and posttest. © 2021 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.
Department of Pharmacy, Universitas PGRI Adi Buana, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Pharmacy, Universitas PGRI Madiun, Madiun, Indonesia
Research at a Glance
Register to unlock
Topics & SDG Alignment
Register to unlock
Collaboration
Register to unlock
Author Profile (Selected)
Register to unlock
References Overview
Register to unlock
Journal & Source
Register to unlock
Metadata & Integrity
Register to unlock