Tak-Kee Choy, Chih-Yang Wang, Nam Nhut Phan, Hoang Dang Khoa Ta, Gangga Anuraga, Yen-Hsi Liu, Yung-Fu Wu, Kuen-Haur Lee, Jian-Ying Chuang, Tzu-Jen Kao
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease involving complex interactions of biological processes; thus, it is important to develop therapeutic biomarkers for treatment. Members of the dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) family are metalloproteases that specifically cleave dipeptides. This family comprises seven members, including DPP3, DPP4, DPP6, DPP7, DPP8, DPP9, and DPP10; however, information on the involvement of DPPs in breast cancer is lacking in the literature. As such, we aimed to study their roles in this cancerous disease using publicly available databases such as cBioportal, Oncomine, and Kaplan–Meier Plotter. These databases comprise comprehensive high-throughput transcriptomic profiles of breast cancer across multiple datasets. Furthermore, together with investigating the messenger RNA expression levels of these genes, we also aimed to correlate these expression levels with breast cancer patient survival. The results showed that DPP3 and DPP9 had significantly high expression profiles in breast cancer tissues relative to normal breast tissues. High expression levels of DPP3 and DPP4 were associated with poor survival of breast cancer patients, whereas high expression levels of DPP6, DPP7, DPP8, and DPP9 were associated with good prognoses. Additionally, positive correlations were also revealed of DPP family genes with the cell cycle, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, kappa-type opioid receptor, and immune response signaling, such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL6, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interferon (IFN)alpha/beta. Collectively, DPP family members, especially DPP3, may serve as essential prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterologic Surgery, Yuan’s General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80249, Taiwan; PhD Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; NTT Institute of Hi-Technology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science and Technology, PGRI Adi Buana University, East Java, Surabaya, 60234, Indonesia; School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan; National Defense Medical Center, Department of Medical Research, School of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan; Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
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