Ollyvia Freeska Dwi Marta, Rudy Kurniawan, Hsiao-Yean Chiu, Ratsiri Thato, Safiruddin Al Baqi, Faizul Hasan, Djoko Priyono, Gangga Anuraga, Debby Syahru Romadlon
Background: The Motivation and Attitudes Toward Changing Health (MATCH) scale is widely used to assess motivation and attitudes toward health behavior change. However, an Indonesian version of the MATCH (MATCH-I) has not yet been developed. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the MATCH-I and examine its association with glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. Methods: A psychometric validation study was conducted with 90 adults with type 2 diabetes at a diabetes management center. Internal consistency reliability and test–retest reliability were evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient. Criterion and convergent validity were assessed using Pearson correlations between MATCH-I and measures of fatigue (Indonesian version of the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory [IMFI-20]) and depression (Beck Depression Inventory—Second Edition [BDI-II]). Known-group validity was examined by comparing MATCH-I scores across hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. Construct validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Glycemic control was measured via HbA1c and fasting blood glucose (FBG). Results: Participants’ mean age was 52.8 years, and 61.1% were female. MATCH-I demonstrated excellent internal consistency reliability (Cronbach’s alpha coefficient = 0.90) and significant correlations with IMFI-20 and BDI-II (all P < .05). Participants with HbA1c >7% and FBG >126 mg/dL had significantly lower MATCH-I scores (P < .05). EFA supported a 3-factor structure: willingness to make changes, perceived ability to make or maintain changes, and feeling changes are worthwhile. Conclusions: The MATCH-I is a reliable and valid tool for assessing motivation and attitudes toward health change in Indonesian adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. It is associated with glycemic outcomes and is suitable for clinical and research applications in Indonesia. © The Author(s) 2026
Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Indonesia; Diabetes Connection Care, Eka Hospital Bumi Serpong Damai, Tangerang, Indonesia; School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Research Center of Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taiwan; Research Center of Sleep Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taiwan; Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Faculty of Nursing, Center of Excellence for Enhancing Well-Being in Vulnerable and Chronic Illness Populations, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Faculty of Education and Teaching Sciences, State Islamic University of Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo, Indonesia; Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak, Indonesia; Department of Statistics, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
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